No ancient sources explain what it was about this play that so moved Crates, but perhaps it was that not even a king, and son of the demi-god Heracles, was immune to pain and loss. 336-265 BCE) who founded the Stoic School of philosophy which would later have a significant impact on the culture of Rome and later cultures and civilizations up to the present day. Crates emphasized non-violence in his teachings and, as a part of that belief, felt that no one should have to submit to another's will in marriage just because social custom and the laws of the city encouraged such behavior. As a brief wake up call, I would like to bring up the story of Crates of Thebes and his wife Hipparchia of Maroneia. Crates gave away his money to live a life of poverty on the streets of Athens. We have also been recommended for educational use by the following publications: Ancient History Encyclopedia Foundation is a non-profit organization registered in Canada. Fresco Fragments Recovered From the Villa Della Farnesina Roman 1st … Like Diogenes, Crates lived on the streets, owned nothing, and lived his philosophy very publicly. Respected by the people of Athens, he is remembered for being the teacher of Zeno of Citium, the founder of Stoicism. Whatever it was that moved him so profoundly, after the play Crates dispersed his personal wealth to the people of Thebes, left his family, and went to Athens to study philosophy. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). 3 related objects. Crates of Thebes is another important name related to Cynicism, and certainly worth mentioning. Related Content Both Crates and Hipparchia are said to have written a significant number of philosophical works but very few of Crates' lines, and none of Hipparchia's, exist in the present day. It is moreover a kind of sacrilege to give what belongs to the poor to those who are not poor. Crates Thebanus - Illustrium philosophorum et sapientum effigies ab eorum numistatibus extractae.png. We are now World History Encyclopedia to better reflect the breadth of our non-profit organization's mission. Crates of Thebes is the most famous person named Crates. Crates of Thebes | Jerome, Letter 66

For he to whom you would give is richer than you the giver. Among his pupils was Zeno of Citium, a former merchant of means, who was shipwrecked on one of his trips to Athens. Crates of Thebes (l. c. 360-280 BCE) was one of the most important Cynic philosophers of ancient Greece. His historical importance lies in the influence that he exerted on Zeno the Stoic, who greatly admired him. He died of natural causes in his old age on the streets of Athens. He told Pasicles that sex was completely natural and simple and that traditional marriages and accepted etiquette concerning sexual matters were traps to be avoided. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/Crates_of_Thebes/. As the story goes, Crates came from a wealthy family from Thebes. Crates arrived at Hipparchia's house, disrobed, and standing naked in front of her, said, "Here is the bridegroom and these are his possessions - choose accordingly. It was imitated by Greek and Latin writers and influenced the development of Latin satire. He was reputed to be the author of philosophic dramas and philosophic letters: the letters extant under his name are spurious. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Diogenes's pupil Crates of Thebes (c. Epicurus-Wikipedia. LOVE IS STOPPED BY HUNGER OR TIME IF ANY OF THOSE DO NOT ENFORCE, THE KNOT. Crates (Greek: Κράτης; c. 365 – c. 285 BC [1]) of Thebes was a Cynic philosopher. It could also be that when Telephus assumed the disguise of the beggar, he was more effective in achieving his goal of being healed than when he was a king. Please note that content linked from this page may have different licensing terms. Crates of Thebes as painted by an artist from Reti’s school. Just then, Crates of Thebes, the most famous Cynic living at that time in Greece happened to be walking by, and the bookseller pointed to him. [85] Crates, son of Ascondas, was a Theban.He too was amongst the Cynic's famous pupils. Ancient History Encyclopedia Limited is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. Plutarch’s biography of him is no longer extant. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Mark, Joshua J.. "Crates of Thebes." It is thought she took over teaching his students after his death. He led a wandering life devoted to poverty, yet is represented as universally respected and beloved: people wrote welcomes to him on their doors. Menippus was allegedly a slave by birth who became rich by…. One should strive to be free in all things and master oneself and one's own problems before worrying about others and theirs. Crates gave away his money to live a life of poverty on the streets of Athens.He married Hipparchia of Maroneia who lived in the same manner that he did. Zeno of Citium-Wikipedia. Written by Joshua J. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Crates-of-Thebes, Ancient History Encyclopedia - Biography of Crates of Thebes. Crates of Thebes (c. 365—285 bc) Quick Reference (c.365–285 bc) Greek Cynic, and the principal pupil of Diogenes of Sinope. Crates (Greek: Κράτης; c. 365-c. 285 BC) of Thebes, was a Cynic philosopher. He then moved to Athens where he studied philosophy with Diogenes of Sinope (l.c. Sign up for our free weekly email newsletter! Web. He was born to a wealthy family in Thebes but gave away his inheritance after realizing the futility of material possessions. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Thebes, 4th century B.C. He was born to a wealthy family in Thebes but gave away his inheritance after realizing the futility of material possessions and the shallow values espoused by society. Philosophy, (from Greek, by way of Latin, philosophia, “love of wisdom”) the rational, abstract, and methodical consideration of reality as a whole or of fundamental dimensions of human existence and experience. Hipparchia, daughter of a wealthy Thracian family and sister of the philosopher Metrocles, forced her parents to allow her to join him in his ascetic and missionary life. Crates of Thebes Villa Farnesina.jpg 660 × 890; 127 KB. ", Wikipedia User: PhidiasNL (Public Domain). Zeno developed the Cynic philosophy into the philosophic discipline of Stoicism which would be further developed by the Roman philosopher Epictetus (l.c.50 CE-130 CE) and become one of the most important and influential belief systems of ancient Rome. Crates (Greek: Κράτης; c. 365 – c. 285 BC) of Thebes was a Cynic philosopher. Hippobotus, however, alleges that he was a pupil not of Diogenes, but of Bryson 1 the Achaean. Some Rights Reserved (2009-2021) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. That he gave the Thebans his estate is generally known. Books Ordered without a frame, it will be delivered in protective tube within 21-28 business days. Mark, published on 02 August 2014 under the following license: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. He found a copy of Xenophon's Memorabilia in a book store and was so impressed by the figure of Socrates in the work that he abandoned his business and devoted himself to philosophy, studying first with Crates. CRATES (of Thebes, flor. (2014, August 02). https://www.patreon.com/FrogCast '''Crates''' ( ; c. 365 – c. 285 BC ) of Thebes was a Cynic philosopher. When ordering the painting framed - allow additional 5-7 days for delivery. Their displeasure definitely increased, however, when Metrocles introduced Crates to his younger sister Hipparchia. When his daughter (whose name is not known) reached maturity, he told her she should have trial marriages for one month to find a suitable mate instead of marrying and living as society expected her to. Domenico Fetti - The Cynic Philosopher Crates.jpg. Crates wrote a book of letters on philosophical subjects, the style of which is compared by Diogenes Laërtius to that of Plato; but these no longer survive. He is said to have driven his family away with a stick when they came to Athens to return him to his former life of ease and luxury back in Thebes. He gave up his fortune and made it his mission to castigate vice and pretense. Their Zodiac sign is ♐ Sagittarius.They are considered the most important person in history born with the first name of Crates. We are now World History Encyclopedia to better reflect the breadth of our non-profit organization's mission. World History Encyclopedia, 02 Aug 2014. Diogenes' philosophy was developed from that of his teacher, Antisthenes (l. c. 445-365 BCE), founder of the Cynic school,who had been a student of Socrates, and emphasized the rejection of material wealth, objects, and social status in favor of a life lived simply and in accordance with nature. Crates gave away his money to live a life of poverty on the streets of Athens.He married Hipparchia of Maroneia who lived in the same manner that he did. Philosophy. Crates grew up in Thebes, the son of a wealthy family and, as a matter of course, would have followed in his family's business.One night, however, he saw a play of the Tragedy of Telephus, which relates the story of how King Telephus, the son of Heracles, was wounded by Achilles. Crates (Greek: Κράτης ὁ Θηβαῖος; c. 365 – c. 285 BC ) of Thebes was a Cynic philosopher. Crates followed Diogenes' example but, it seems, had a much gentler approach. Corrections? This same could be said of social status or education (in the formal understanding of the word) or social etiquette; all of these concepts were unnatural and devised by human beings to help them give shape and order to the world but, really, they were artificial concepts that separated people from the possibility of living honest lives. English: Ms297-folio99recto. Such is Diogenes Laertius' laughable deadpan conclusion, and this is the Cynic's point: everything is laughable, there is nothing serious in mortality, and one should not wrinkle one's brow with Aristotelian jargon or be ashamed of any natural functions. He was a golden son who was supposed to inherit the company. We have several fragments of poetry attributed to Crates of Thebes, the Cynic philosopher who followed Diogenes of Sinope and was the first teacher of Zeno of Citium, the founder of Stoicism. Thank you for helping build the largest language community on the internet. He was born to a wealthy family in Thebes but gave away his inheritance after realizing the futility of material possessions. "From that day on Metrocles started to listen to Crates' discourses and became a capable man in philosophy" (DL 6.94). Our latest articles delivered to your inbox, once a week: Numerous educational institutions recommend us, including Oxford University and University of Missouri. Crates grew up in Thebes, the son of a wealthy family and, as a matter of course, would have followed in his family's business. "How the state of poverty is agreeable". In one story, he gave his money to a banker with a proposition that if his sons grew up ignorant, they would inherit his money. There was no need for personal possessions according to the Cynic view, because one was only going to lose them and, more importantly, they distracted one from the act of living one's life. Crates of Thebes, (flourished 4th century bc), Cynic philosopher, a pupil of Diogenes. World History Encyclopedia. The famous story of Diogenes of Sinope looking for a "human being" on the streets of Athens by holding up a lantern to people's faces in broad daylight is an example of how the Cynics tried to wake people up from the dream world that most lived in. One night, however, he saw a play of the Tragedy of Telephus, which relates the story of how King Telephus, the son of Heracles, was wounded by Achilles. Sign in to disable ALL ads. Hellenistic philosophy-Wikipedia. World History Encyclopedia. Crates of Thebes’ adoption of cynicism after his renunciation of the privileges linked to his being a member of a local wealthy propertied family enlightens the way he strove to implement the cynical defacing of the currency in family relationships and material conditions. Crates of Thebes (c. 360-280 BCE) was one of the most important Cynic philosophers of ancient Greece. Mark, Joshua J.. "Crates of Thebes." (28). 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