[305] Grant alleged that an aide of Gagliano's had told him in 1998: "The rest of Canada is yours, Quebec is ours", meaning Grant should not concern himself with any land sales in Quebec. The relentless Grit attacks meant to demonize the Alliance as a gang of crazed right-wingers with a "hidden agenda" had the effect of causing many New Democratic voters to support the Liberals as the best party to stop the Alliance. Chrétien then stated abruptly, "I don't know, these techniques did not exist in those days", which received big laughs from everyone in the room. [27] Starting in 1966 he served for a more substantial period of time as the parliamentary secretary to Minister of Finance, Mitchell Sharp. Liberals) were not.[5]. In the successive administrations of Lester B. Pearson and Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Chrétien became a parliamentary secretary to the prime minister in 1965, a minister of state in 1967, and minister of national revenue in 1968. about U.S. President Bush, Fife later reporting the remark in the next day's edition of the National Post. [52] Chrétien presented the two federal budgets to the House floor in 1978, one in April and the other in November. 20th prime minister of Canada. [151] Until the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, the Chrétien government tended to be hostile towards defence spending with the government's white paper "Defence 94" declaring that in a post-Cold War world there would be less and less need for armed forces, which accordingly meant reduced budgets for the military. And necessarily, we’re looked upon as being arrogant, self-satisfied, greedy and with no limits. The first two aircraft arrived in Canada in September 2001 and entered service the following year. [141] The most common critique of the Chrétien government, especially in its first 15 months or so from late 1993 to early 1995 was that the government had been "sleepwalking". 20th prime minister of Canada. Look at what happened in the United States where the judges reign according to their so-called philosophy. Chrétien was born on January 11, 1934, in Shawinigan, Quebec, as the 18th of 19 children (10 of whom did not survive infancy),[1] of Marie (née Boisvert, died 1954) and Wellie Chrétien (died 1980). Chrétien's time at Finance highlighted his "enforcer" status, namely as someone who often helped to execute Trudeau's policies, but who rarely helped Trudeau to make policy. Without him you could argue it would not have happened". [248] Kinsella for his part saw Martin and his followers as almost much an enemy as the opposition parties, and favored working against as opposed to working with the Martin fraction. God gave me a physical defect, and I accepted that since I'm a kid. [66] During the leadership race, Chrétien presented himself as a folksy leftish populist and mocked Turner as a right-wing Bay Street snob who was out of touch with ordinary people. [104] Chrétien appeared indecisive in the Oka Crisis, having almost nothing to say about the stand-off at Oka for the first two months of the crisis, which began on July 11, 1990. [120] Reflecting the changed emphasis, Chrétien in a pointed symbolic move, had the outspoken pro-free trade Liberal Roy MacLaren sitting next to him on his right while the equally outspoken anti-free trade Liberal Lloyd Axworthy sat at some distance from Chrétien on his left. Chrétien proved to be incapable of forgiving Turner for defeating him. At the Treasury Board, Chrétien become known as "Doctor No," as he refused in a brusque manner requests from other ministers for more money for their departments. [247] Chrétien's foreign minister at the time, Lloyd Axworthy justified Canada's involvement in NATO bombing of Yugoslavia under the grounds that allegations of massacres against ethnic Albanians in Kosovo made the use of force legitimate on humanitarian grounds, even without the approval of the UN Security Council. Campbell was not directly responsible for the ad, and ordered it off the air over her staff's objections. In 2009 Queen Elizabeth II awarded him the Order of Merit. Their eldest is daughter France Chrétien Desmarais (b. [264] The fact that the Red Book of 2000 consisted almost entirely of recycled promises from the Red Books of 1993 and 1997 and various banal statements further reinforced the impression of a prime minister with no plans or vision for Canada and whose only agenda was to hang onto power as long as possible. [227] Though Chrétien and Martin still disliked each other on the account of the bruising 1990 leadership race, a cordial working relationship was established indirectly with Chrétien's right-hand man Eddie Goldenberg regularly meeting with Martin's aide Terrie O'Leary to work out mutually acceptable policies for the government to pursue. That is not the tradition here. Another backer of the plan highlighted Chrétien's ties to the current Liberal government and Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. And this is the only dinosaur that recently co-existed with humans" while holding up the Barney doll. Martin had long hoped that Chrétien would just retire at the end of his second term, thereby allowing him to win the Liberal leadership, and were greatly disappointed in January 2000 when Chrétien's communications director Françoise Ducros had fired "a shot across the bow" by confirming what had been strongly hinted at since the summer of 1999 in an announcement to the caucus that Chrétien would seek a third term. 85 percent of Canadians agreed with the move. [189] In the weeks leading to the referendum on October 30, 1995, the federal government was seized with fear and panic as polls showing that, under the leadership of Bouchard, the oui side was going to win. The Queen later said to Chrétien: "I didn't think you sounded quite like yourself, but I thought, given all the duress you were under, you might have been drunk. In 1940s Quebec, where many French-Canadians were opposed to Canada fighting in the war, and especially to sending the "Zombies" overseas, this made Wellie Chrétien and his family outcasts. [130] When Clouthier refused to withdraw his candidacy as ordered and looked certain to win the Liberal nomination for Renfrew—Nipissing—Pembroke, he was expelled from the Liberal Party. [296] Ducros's successor as communications director, Jim Munson, was a former journalist and a better-liked personality, which led to a marked improvement in the Chrétien government's relations with the media in its last year. [103] His leadership was also shaken by the defection from the caucus of francophone MPs (and Martin loyalists) Jean Lapierre and Gilles Rocheleau, who claimed that they could not serve under the anti-Meech Chrétien and so left to join the newly founded Bloc Québécois. In October 2002, Lawrence MacAulay was forced to resign as solicitor general following a ruling from the ethics counselor Howard Wilson that MacAulay had broken conflict-of-interest rules by lobbying the government to fund a police training scheme at Holland College, which was headed by his brother. It was Kim Campbell", and went on to compare Campbell to Martin. This move allowed Canadian companies to bid on reconstruction contracts. [, Comité des Québécoises et des Québécois pour le NON ("Committee of Quebecers for the NO"), Le Comité national du OUI ("The YES National Committee"), Simpson, Jeffery "The Vincible Liberals" pp. [29] Sharp was quoted as saying about his protégé in an interview with Peter C. Newman: Jean is not accustomed to reading as much as I am or you are, and therefore we tend to judge him on that sort of basis. It arrived in bookstores in October 2007, in both English and French, but the promotional tour was delayed due to heart surgery. He has an instinctive approach, and faced with a problem, he's always comes out with sensible answers, and that's why I say he never has to eat his words. [69] Chrétien was thought to be a dark horse until the end but lost on the second ballot to Turner at the leadership convention that June. This article is the electoral history of jean chrétien, the twentieth prime minister of canada. [42] Robert Bourassa, the Liberal premier of Quebec, was a nationalist who frequently pressed for more devolution of federal powers to his province, making him Trudeau's bête noire, with the two men openly feuding. [328] The open split, which was covered extensively on national media, increasingly painted Chrétien as a lame duck. [119] In order to make his plans to export Canada back into prosperity work, Chrétien decided that the solution was globalization. Initially, Chrétien had planned to wait until the next general election before running, but was advised by Herb Gray that: "To have credibility, you're got to be in the House. [262] Finance Minister Paul Martin released a 'mini-budget' just before the election call that included significant tax cuts, a move aimed at undermining the Alliance position going into the campaign. [301] When pressed by opposition critics about his apparent ignorance of what was Canada's policy on turning over POWs captured in Afghanistan, Eggleton then claimed that he had not only forgotten that he had been briefed by senior bureaucrats that Canadian Forces were to hand over POWs to the Americans, but that he had also forgotten to inform the Cabinet. [284] Chrétien took the view that effectively the Quebec sovereignty movement had been neutered by the Clarity Act, and that it did not matter if the PQ remained in office or not because they could not win a referendum. [330] Martin replied that "It's been a long time since he's called me a star, shooting or otherwise". [160] Parizeau was a "hard separatist" committed to a totally independent Quebec, and was thus regarded as a far easier opponent to defeat than "soft separatists" like René Lévesque or Lucien Bouchard, who wanted Quebec to become sovereign, but still maintain some links with Canada in the form of sovereignty-association. They just don't get it". Both the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservatives frequently charged that Chrétien had broken the law in regards to his lobbying for Business Development Bank for loans to the Auberge Grand-Mère inn. In a by-election for Laurier—Sainte-Marie on August 13, 1990, Chrétien's hand-picked candidate, Denis Coderre was badly defeated by the Bloc Québécois's Gilles Duceppe, costing the Liberals a riding that they had held since the 1917 election; many attributed this to Chrétien's opposition to the Meech Lake Accord. The following day, Martin was elected his successor. [36], Chrétien's most notable achievement at Indian Affairs was the 1969 White Paper, a proposal to abolish the Indian Act. [43] In a speech Chrétien said Bourassa "could go to hell", stated he did not have the right to build on or flood the land claimed by the Cree, and hired lawyers to argue for the Cree in the courts. [265] For a moment in October 2000 it appeared possible that the Alliance might win the election as the poll numbers continued in its favor. When you are powerful like you are, you guys, it’s the time to be nice. [297] Hughes concluded that the RCMP had used excessive force that was in violation of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. [180] The 1995 budget, which was called by Peter C. Newman a "watershed document" that marked the first time in recent memory that anybody had made a serious effort to deal with the deficit, won a favorable reaction from the international markets, and a led to an immediate fall in interest rates. Chrétien retired as prime minister in December 2003. The Liberals were in favour of a free trade agreement for North America in principle, but went on to accuse Mulroney of having given away too much to the Americans and Mexicans when he signed NAFTA in 1992, and stated that the Liberal government would renegotiate NAFTA on more favourable terms to Canada within six months of taking office. Former Prime Minister of Canada Jean Chretien, left, and his wife Aline Chretien walk into a the room during his 80th birthday and marking 50 years … Nardwuar followed up by telling Chrétien that "Some of the protesters were maced." [247] Likewise, Chrétien was later to tell Lawrence Martin that it was far better to intervene in the internal affairs of Yugoslavia to stop human rights violations in the Kosovo region by Serbian forces than to do nothing. [262] Later that same day, Chrétien met with Castro, where Chrétien asked Castro about his assessment of Day and if he should call an early election or not. [140] Chrétien liked to present himself as the heir to Trudeau, but his governing style had little in common with the intense bouts of governmental activism that had characterised the Trudeau era. Chrétien's role in the dealings, however, would not be forgotten in his native province of Quebec, which did not ratify the Constitution Act, 1982 (although the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that Quebec was bound by it). At the debate on June 2, 1990, Martin attempted to force Chrétien to abandon the latter's nuanced position on Meech Lake and speak out for or against it by arguing that Chrétien's position of opposing Meech Lake as it is but being willing to support it with amendments was trying to have it both ways. [206] Chrétien's response was to expel Nunziata from the Liberal caucus. [341] The lingering repercussions of the sponsorship scandal of 2002 reduced the Liberal Party to a minority in the 2004 election, may have strengthened the separatist case, and contributed to the government's defeat in the 2006 election. [100] The Canadian political scientist Brooke Jeffrey argued that the real divisions within the Liberal Party were not so much between right and left, despite such divisions existing, but between those wanted a strong federal government and those who did not. U2 lead singer Bono attended the convention and made a speech, joking "I'm the only thing these two can agree upon.". Chrétien's demand for the Quebec lieutenancy was not the only thing that divided him from Turner. He graduated from the law school at Laval University in 1958 and began practicing law that same year. They were married 63 years before Aline’s death at 84 years of age, on September 12, 2020. He was asked about the pepper-spraying by a Vancouver-based comedic reporter known as "Nardwuar the Human Serviette", a frequent contributor to Canada's MuchMusic network, known for his high-pitched voice and odd attire, who told Chrétien that there was a song released by a punk rock band called "The Nomads" (a fictitious band Nardwuar had made up) called "The Suharto Stomp". During his tenure as prime minister, a $42 billion deficit was eliminated, five consecutive budget surpluses were recorded (thanks in part to favorable economic times), $36 billion in debt was paid down, and taxes were cut by $100 billion (cumulatively) over five years. [22] Chrétien used this in his first Liberal leadership campaign, saying that he was "One politician who didn't talk out of both sides of his mouth." By 1998 Canada had it's first surplus in 25 years! [43] In 1971, when the Bourassa government began the James Bay Project to develop hydro-electric dams on rivers flowing into James Bay, which was opposed by the local Cree bands who claimed the land slated for development, Chrétien intervened on the side of the Cree. At the time Jean Chrétien was the Minister … Almost immediately, Chrétien and Turner clashed over the issue of an early election. Demonstrators tore down a barrier and were pepper-sprayed by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). OTTAWA – Aline Chrétien, the wife of former Prime Minister Jean Chrétien has died. 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