The 1976 film, Carrie, saw its second remake in 2013, which is the third film adaptation of Stephen King's 1974 novel of the same name. [153] Gerald's Game (2017) is a psychological horror film based on Stephen King's novel of the same name. Prometheus (2012) and Alien: Covenant (2017) address extraterrestrial themes. Christopher Lee starred in a number of Hammer horror films, including The Curse of Frankenstein (1957), which Professor Patricia MacCormac called the "first really gory horror film, showing blood and guts in colour". Other examples of trick films include 1901's The Big Swallow in which a man tries to swallow the audience, and 1901's The Haunted Curiosity Shop in which apparitions appear inside an antique shop.[23]. In episode 2 of The Irregulars, a 2021 series on Netflix, the myth of the tooth fairy is an integral part of the plot. Modern horror films took the expected roles of characters in the films and changed them.[116]. The film stars Virginia Bruce in the lead role and John Barrymore in a supporting role. [99] Other British companies contributed to the horror genre in the 1960s and 1970s. The short story The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving is cited as "the first great comedy-horror story".[166]. is said about 30 times too many. was broadcast from 1969 to 1970. The Australian psychological horror film, The Babadook (2014) directed by Jennifer Kent received critical acclaim and won many awards. Horror has been a mainstay of television programming since the 1950s. The studio entered a Golden Age of monster movies in the '30s, releasing a string of hit horror movies. [38] The Unholy Three (1925) is an example of Tod Browning's use of macabre and unique style of morbidity; he remade the film in 1930 as a talkie. Check out our editors' picks for the best movies and shows coming this month. What was the song that played during the ending credits? On 14 February 1931, Universal Pictures premiered their first film adaptation of Dracula, the popular story of an ancient vampire who arrives in England where he preys upon a virtuous young girl. The ten episodes were released to the public in their entirety for the first time in the 1990s, and have subsequently been released on DVD by Something Weird Video. [51] Kim Newman, writing for the book 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die, said that Dracula signaled the "true beginning of the horror film as a distinct genre and the vampire movie as its most popular subgenre. It stars Bela Lugosi as a mad scientist who attempts to rule the world by creating various elaborate inventions. March is the first actor to win the Best Actor Oscar for a portrayal in a horror role.[58]. Horror pictures of the 1940s crossed over with other popular film genres of the decade, including film noir, melodrama and mystery. Troubles within the studio resulted in production being cancelled after 10 episodes were produced. Jamie Lee Curtis made her film debut as Laurie Strode in the 1978 horror film "Halloween." Tower of London is based on the traditional depiction of Richard rising to become King of England in 1483 by eliminating everyone ahead of him. [144] The film focused more on Michael's backstory than the original did, devoting the first half of the film to Michael's childhood. The story focuses on an Alaskan town beset by vampires as it enters into a 30-day long polar night. [161], Body horror intentionally showcases graphic or psychologically disturbing violations of the human body. It tells the story of house guests inside a manor given visions of what might happen if the manor's host, the count played by Fritz Kortner, stays jealous and the guests do not reduce their advances towards his beautiful wife. For most of the 1920s, German filmmakers like Wegener, Murnau, and Wiene would significantly influence later productions not only in horror films but in filmmaking in general. An audience full of people unaccustomed to seeing moving skeletons on screen would have found it frightening and otherworldly. The science-fiction/horror film was the first sequel to the 1931 hit Frankenstein. [175] Negative space is one such method that can play a part in inducing a reaction, causing one's eyes to remotely rest on anything in the frame – a wall, or the empty black void in the shadows. It was directed by Paul Fejos and stars Conrad Veidt and Mary Philbin. ", "George Albert Smith : The X-Ray Fiend – 1897", "The 1911 Dante's Inferno Film Is a Hellish Delight", "Les Vampires: No 25 best horror film of all time", "Georges Melies – Master of Illusion: Crash Course Film History #4", "Film History for Free: 10 Entertaining Early Cinema Trick Films", "The Phantom of the Opera Movie Review (1925)", "How a 1928 Silent Film Influenced the Creation of the Joker", "The Fall of the House of Usher – Review", "Review: 'Universal Classic Monsters' DVD Box Set", "Where to begin with the Universal horror cycle", "The secret story behind the other 'Dracula,' and the lead actress who just died at 106", "7 Oscar-Winning Horror Movies You Should Know About", "Secret of the Blue Room. The film is described as the "critical link between the more conventional German mystery and detective films of the mid 1910s and the groundbreaking fantastic cinema of the early 1920s. The best known of these early supernatural-based works is the 2 and a half-minute short film Le Manoir du Diable (1896), known in English as both "The Haunted Castle" or "The House of the Devil". [115] This era of horror films has been regarded as a "golden age" that transformed the genre by having it "grow up" while showing that horror can be artistic. There are shocking moments in which we witness a woman giving birth to two enormous demons, see a witches' sabbath, and endure tortures by inquisition judges. Veidt plays a middle-aged magician who is in love with his beautiful young assistant. [188] Holm's discussion of The Grudge remakes presents this idea by stating, "It is, instead, to note that The Grudge films make use of an un-theorized notion of Japan... that seek to directly represent the country. Teen horror is a horror subgenre that victimizes teenagers while usually promoting strong, anti-conformity teenage leads, appealing to young generations. "1001 Movies You Should Watch Before You Die". While not as successful as the original upon its release, the film was generally well-reviewed. [158] A sequel, Happy Death Day 2U, was released in February 2019. The film elevated Chaney, already a well-known character actor, to full star status in Hollywood, and also helped set a standard for many later horror films. The population that does not enjoy horror films could experience emotional fallout similar to that of PTSD if the environment reminds them of particular scenes. "[42], In 1922, Danish filmmaker Benjamin Christensen created the Swedish-Danish production Häxan (also known as The Witches or Witchcraft Through the Ages), a documentary-style silent horror film based partly on Christensen's study of the Malleus Maleficarum, a 15th-century German guide for inquisitors. The film presents a massive Lucifer with wings that stretch out behind him in front of a black void. Signs (2002) revived the science fiction alien theme. Universal Studios", "At the Rialto. [1] Horror films additionally aim to evoke viewers' nightmares, revulsions and terror of the unknown or the macabre. The film was directed by James Whale and stars Claude Rains as the titular character. The series centers on a group of teenagers and their dog who go to abandoned places to solve mysteries involving supposedly supernatural creatures through a series of antics and missteps. Some of the stories in the show were original, while others were adaptations of writers like H. G. Wells, and always had knotty twists and often came to macabre endings, as in the 4 December 1955 episode "The Case of Mr. Pelham," in which a businessman is stalked by a perfect double who usurps his life and drives him insane. [81] Low-budget productions featured humanity overcoming threats such as alien invasions and deadly mutations to people, plants, and insects. Both The Shining and Poltergeist involve horror being based on real-estate values. His silent horror film The Cat and the Canary is the third film in the Universal Classic Monsters series and is considered "the cornerstone of Universal's school of horror. [175] In any case, mirrors altogether make the audience anxious, while patiently waiting for a jump scare that may or may not occur. Films from non-English language countries have become successful. [186] The use of horror films to help audiences understand international prior historical events occurs, for example, to depict the horrors of the Vietnam War, the Holocaust and the worldwide AIDS epidemic. The Devil's Backbone (2001) is such an example. In November 1939, Universal Pictures released their last horror film of the 1930s with the historical and quasi-horror film, Tower of London. [35], The fifth and last film of the Universal Classic Monsters series in the 1920s is The Last Performance (1929). Of the cast, only Carlos Villarías (playing Count Dracula) was permitted to see rushes of the English-language film, and he was encouraged to imitate Bela Lugosi's performance. In Sweden, Victor Sjöström created Körkarlen (The Phantom Carriage) in 1921. The film is best known for its brilliant use of canted frames, mirror reflections, fish-eye lenses and uncanny sound and image editing. The effect was to make the creature appear to move in the midst of live action. [9] Yet, the macabre nature of its source material made the film synonymous with the horror film genre. Black Water (2007) is a British-Australian natural horror film. It is also the first to feature Bela Lugosi as Ygor. Her only opposition is the only child, now grown up, who has survived her before. Actress Elsa Lanchester portrayed the Monster's Bride. The film is sometimes credited as being the first ever horror film. [140] Credo (2008) and Triangle (2009) are two British psychological horror films. [46], In the 1930s Universal Pictures continued producing films based on Gothic horror. The Changeling is a 1980 Canadian horror film with supernatural and psychological elements, and was directed by Peter Medak. Waxworks was director Paul Leni's last film in Germany before heading to Hollywood to make some of the most important horror films of the late silent era. [97] His most influential role was as Count Dracula, with the portrayal becoming the archetypal vampire in popular culture. Claudio Carvalho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It won the first Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation and was chosen for the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress for being "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant. "[49] In the 1920s, the studio only put out five features, in the 1930s however, they produced about 21. Raw is a 2016 French-Belgian horror drama written and directed by Julia Ducournau, and starring Garance Marillier. For tropes commonly used in these films, see Horror Tropes. Trick films were silent films designed to feature innovative special effects. She claims to be not guilty and curses the whole population of the town and their descendants, stating that when each child loses the last tooth, she would come to get it, and if the child looks at her, she would kill him or her. Those who came to see a 3-D movie inside a theater were given the familiar disposable cardboard anaglyph 3D glasses to wear which will allow them to see the images come to life. This proved a devastating development at the time for Lugosi, who found himself losing work and struggling to support his family. The films I Am Legend (2007), Quarantine (2008), Zombieland (2009), and 28 Days Later (2002) featured an update of the apocalyptic and aggressive zombie genre. Of eight films, seven feature stories that are actually based on the works of Poe. The hashtag #BirdBox trended for weeks. [83] In Dementia 13, a scheming widow hatches a daring plan to get her hands on her late husband's inheritance, unbeknownst to her that she is targeted by an axe-wielding murderer who lurks within the family's estate. (In Western culture, a doppelgänger is a supernatural or ghostly double or look-alike of a specific person. [5] The next year, Smith created the short film Photographing a Ghost (1898), considered a precursor to the paranormal investigation subgenre. The sequels are The Mummy's Tomb (1942), The Mummy's Ghost, and The Mummy's Curse (both 1944). [77], The Queen of Spades (1949) is a fantasy/horror film about an elderly countess who strikes a bargain with the devil and exchanges her soul for the ability to always win at cards. Final Destination (2000) marked a successful revival of teen-centered horror and spawned five installments. [182] The importance that horror films have gained in the public and producers' eyes is one obvious effect on our society. Hell Fest (2018) and Haunt (2019) are also slashers set on Halloween night. The film was called Dracula's Daughter and stars Gloria Holden in the title role. A young man tries to deal with the childhood terror that has never stopped haunting him. An architect's desire to speak with his wife from beyond the grave becomes an obsession with supernatural repercussions. REC is a 2007 Spanish zombie horror film, co-written and directed by Jaume Balagueró and Paco Plaza. His success in House of Usher (1960) led him to do other Poe adaptions like His exaggerated smile was the inspiration for DC Comics' The Joker. The 2013 book TV Horror: Investigating the Dark Side of the Small Screen, observed that television has helped shape many generations of horror fans and filmmakers because it provided them their first exposure to cinematic horror as children cowering behind their sofa or peering out from under their blanket[100] In the 1950s, multiple anthology series that feature suspenseful horror stories were broadcast on television. In the film, a bookshop closes and the portraits of the Strumpet, Death, and the Devil come to life and amuse themselves by reading stories—about themselves, of course, in various guises and eras. After a family is forced to relocate for their son's health, they begin experiencing supernatural behavior in their new home, and uncover a sinister history. What Lies Beneath (2000) is a supernatural horror film directed by Robert Zemeckis, starring Harrison Ford and Michelle Pfeiffer as a couple who experience a strange haunting of their home. Hailed by critics as "the greatest television series never seen", The Veil was not broadcast. [175] Alternatively, it is when there is no jump scare that causes the audience to feel more unease and discomfort because they do not know when it will happen, only that it is anticipated. Along with I Know What You Did Last Summer (1997), also written by Williamson, and Urban Legend (1998), they re-ignited the dormant slasher film genre. Many of these countries later removed the ban, but the film remains prohibited in Ireland. Another natural adventure horror film is The Ruins (2008), which is based on the novel of the same name by Scott Smith. Pierce began transforming Karloff at 11 a.m., applying cotton, collodion and spirit gum to his face; clay to his hair; and wrapping him in linen bandages treated with acid and burnt in an oven, finishing the job at 7 p.m. Karloff finished his scenes by 2 a.m., and another two hours were spent removing the make-up. [175], Tight framing is another technique used, where an entire scene can be created with a close-up. Early horror films such as My Bloody Valentine (1981), Halloween (1978), and Friday the 13th (1980) were produced mostly for male audiences in order to "feed the fantasies of young men". The Neon Demon (2016) follows an aspiring model in Los Angeles whose beauty and youth generate intense fascination and jealousy within the industry. Wes Craven's The Hills Have Eyes (1977) and The Last House on the Left (1972) along with Tobe Hooper's The Texas Chain Saw Massacre (1974)[117] recalled the Vietnam War; while George A. Romero satirized the consumer society in his zombie sequel, Dawn of the Dead (1978). The film was directed by George Melford who would later direct the Spanish version of Dracula. Peele's sophomore film, Us, addresses social class and privilege as it follows a family terrorized by their murderous doppelgängers. Its plot follows a black man who uncovers a disturbing secret when he meets the family of his white girlfriend. #Horror (2015) depicts a group of wealthy 7th grade girls who face a night of terror together after a social network game spirals out of control. Corman's commentary for Pit mentions nothing of this and all existing production stills of the film show Corman directing. "[59] The Mummy character was so popular that it spawned sequels and remakes over the next decades. Changes in distribution strategies, such as the shrinking American home video market, hit other genres harder than horror, and breakout successes proved theatrical distribution to be viable. These were Shinin No Sosei (Resurrection of a Corpse), and Bake Jizo (Jizo the Spook)[6] The film Shinin No Sosei told the story of a dead man who comes back to life after having fallen from a coffin that two men were carrying. Collections: 1 Comments: 483 … It was not so much the story but the style that made it distinguishable from other films, "Dr. Caligari's settings, some simply painted on canvas backdrops, are weirdly distorted, with caricatures of narrow streets, misshapen walls, odd rhomboid windows, and leaning doorframes. Two Australian horror films that deal with teenagers are Lake Mungo (2008) and The Loved Ones (2009). This kind of promotional gimmick would later make him famous. [178] Dissonance is the clashing of unpleasant or harsh sounds. Five travelers are admitted to a large foreboding old house that belongs to an extremely strange family. Peter Jackson's Braindead (1992) (known as Dead Alive in the United States) took the splatter film to ridiculous excesses for comic effect. Antichrist (2009) is an English-language Danish experimental horror film written and directed by Lars von Trier, and starring Willem Dafoe and Charlotte Gainsbourg. An extension of this trend was the emergence of a type of horror with emphasis on depictions of torture, suffering, and violent deaths, (variously referred to as "horror porn", "torture porn", "splatterporn", and "gore-nography") with films such as Ghost Ship (2002), The Collector (2009), Saw (2004), Hostel (2005), and their respective sequels, frequently singled out as examples of emergence of this subgenre. He then swallows a virulent poison to observe the effects of pain. In 1941, Universal Pictures released a reboot to the studio's 1935 werewolf picture Werewolf of London which starred Henry Hull in a more subtle werewolf makeup. A year later, he played a trademark role as a round-the-bend illusionist bent on revenge in the 3D film noir The Mad Magician (1954). [66] Pierce co-created the Bride's makeup with strong input from Whale, especially regarding the Bride's iconic hair style, which was based on the Egyptian queen Nefertiti. identified that the ability to recognize dissonance relied on the left hemisphere of the brain, while consonance relied on the right half. It was a murder-mystery film called The Secret of the Blue Room. Based in rented office space at the Chaplin Studios, during the early 1960s AIP concentrated on horror films inspired by the Poe cycle. [95] The Hammer company focused on the genre for the first time, enjoying huge international success from films involving classic horror characters, which were shown in color for the first time. All they had to do was hold up a "thumbs up" ballot if they wanted Mr. Sardonicus go free or "thumbs down" if they want to punish him. 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